Reshaping Egyptian funerary ritual in colonized Nubia? Organic characterization of unguents from mortuary contexts of the New Kingdom (c. 1550–1070 BCE)

Ausführliche Beschreibung

ID:130669
Verfasser: Fulcher, Kate
Abdellatief, Ikhlas
Werkström, Ludmila
Hocker, Emma
Dokumententyp:Artikel in Zeitschrift
Erscheinungsjahr:2023
Veröffentlicht:2023
Schriftenreihe:Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 15:73
Schlagwörter: NUBIEN -> Ländernamen
SUDAN -> Ländernamen
BESTATTUNGSBRAUCH -> Religion im weitesten Sinn
KANOPE -> Objekte als Gegenstände
BITUMEN -> Diverses
Onlinezugriff:Zur Webseite
Letzte Aktualisierung:09.08.2023
Eintrag bearbeiten

Samples taken from the canopic jars of Djehutyhotep, chief of Tehkhet (Debeira), Lower Nubia, and local versions of Egyptian canopic jars from Sai, Upper Nubia, suggest that the materials used for mortuary ritual unguents in Nubia may havediffered from those used in Egypt. Nubian samples consisted of plant gum and bitumen, whereas those from Egypt conformedto the standardizing black resinous liquid recipe used for mummification and other funerary rituals. However, there may betime frame issues to be considered as most samples analyzed from Egypt date to later periods. A standard black funeraryliquid was used at Amara West, Upper Nubia, probably poured over a wrapped body, which might suggest that the gum andbitumen mixture was reserved for filling canopic jars, perhaps indicating that the use of canopic jars in Nubia differed fromtheir use in Egypt. Evidence from the canopic jars of Djehutyhotep, local versions of canopic jars from Sai, and the samplefrom Amara West also indicate a source of bitumen that was not the Dead Sea, which was the main (although not only) sourceused in Egypt. The new results from the analysis of the Djehutyhotep canopic jars and previously published results fromSai point towards alternative ritual practices associated with local conceptions and uses of canopic jars in colonized Nubia.These samples and data from Amara West further reveal that the bitumen used in mortuary contexts in Nubia originatedelsewhere than bitumen used in Egypt, which might have implications for our understanding of colonized Nubia as part ofother trade networks independently from Egyp